PDF Diploma in Clinical Medicine and Surgery

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 1, Type 2 and Gestational Diabetes, Their Management and Complications

A short clinical deck by an MBChB graduate of the University of Nairobi on classification: type 1 as insulin-dependent and usually juvenile, from destruction of the pancreatic beta cells, always needing insulin and prone to ketoacidosis and weight loss; type 2 as non-insulin-dependent, most often over 40 years, from reduced secretion with insulin resistance and linked to obesity and inactivity; and gestational diabetes. Management and complications follow, with rehydration over 48 hours at half the rate used in ketoacidosis, insulin sometimes unnecessary at 1 unit an hour, full-dose heparin for the high thrombotic risk, and the metabolic, macrovascular, microvascular and nervous complications.

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