PDF Diploma in Clinical Medicine and Surgery

Clindamycin: Lincosamide Mechanism, Spectrum Against Anaerobes, Pharmacokinetics, Adverse Effects and Clinical Uses

A pharmacology lecture on clindamycin as a potent lincosamide with a mechanism and spectrum of activity close to erythromycin and partial cross-resistance. It covers the organisms it acts on - gram-positive cocci, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Nocardia, Actinomyces and Toxoplasma - its high activity against anaerobes especially Bacteroides fragilis, and what it does not affect, then the good oral absorption, the penetration into most skeletal and soft tissue but not the brain and CSF, the metabolism and excretion in urine and bile and the three-hour half-life. It gives the side effects from rash, urticaria and abdominal pain to the potentially fatal pseudomembranous enterocolitis that means stopping the drug and treating with metronidazole or vancomycin, and the uses in anaerobic and mixed infections, bone and joint infection, endocarditis prophylaxis in penicillin-allergic patients, colorectal and pelvic surgical cover, and toxoplasmosis and pneumocystis pneumonia in AIDS patients.

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