Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC): Indications, Contraindications, Dorsal Slit, Suturing and Post-Operative Care

Surgery I deck on male circumcision as the world's oldest and most common operation, with the religious and medical indications, the pathological phimosis and the arguments put for and against it, and the contraindications of hypospadias, dorsal hood, micropenis, malignancy and a bleeding disorder. The procedural half is the practical-examination material: the instrument tray and what is on it, the pre-operative explanation, the anaesthesia task with the subcutaneous ring block and dorsal penile nerve block and the lignocaine dose by weight, marking the circumcision and frenulum lines, dilatation, the dorsal slit, clamping and under-running the bleeders with 3/0 catgut, vertical and horizontal mattress sutures at 12, 3 and 9 o'clock, the sofatulle and bandage dressing, needle disposal and the post-operative observations. It closes on the infections the foreskin harbours, meatal stenosis, the catastrophic complications and the UTI, penile and cervical cancer evidence.